Stem cell aging is characterized by a gradual decline in stem cell function, including reduced self-renewal and impaired differentiation capacity. Aging stem cells accumulate DNA damage, epigenetic alterations, and metabolic dysfunction, limiting their regenerative potential. As stem cells age, tissues lose their ability to repair damage efficiently, leading to degeneration and functional decline. Stem cell aging affects multiple organ systems, including blood, muscle, brain, and skin. Changes in the stem cell niche and systemic inflammation further exacerbate stem cell dysfunction. Understanding stem cell aging is critical for developing regenerative and longevity-focused therapies aimed at maintaining tissue homeostasis.
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