Neuroinflammation Aging

Neuroinflammation aging refers to chronic, low-grade inflammatory activity within the aging brain. Unlike acute inflammation, which is protective, age-associated neuroinflammation persists over time and disrupts neural homeostasis. Aging microglia and astrocytes adopt pro-inflammatory states, releasing cytokines and reactive molecules that damage neurons and synapses. Reduced clearance of cellular debris and impaired resolution mechanisms amplify inflammatory signaling. Neuroinflammation aging contributes to synaptic dysfunction, neuronal loss, and increased vulnerability to neurodegenerative conditions. It also interferes with neuroplasticity and cognitive performance. Importantly, neuroinflammation reflects interactions between immune aging, metabolic stress, and vascular decline. Understanding neuroinflammation aging highlights inflammation as a central driver of brain aging and a key target for preserving cognitive health and neural resilience.