Mitophagy is the selective degradation of damaged or dysfunctional mitochondria through autophagic pathways. It is essential for maintaining mitochondrial quality and preventing excessive oxidative stress. During aging, mitophagy becomes less efficient, leading to accumulation of defective mitochondria that impair cellular metabolism. Impaired mitophagy is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, muscle weakness, and metabolic disorders. Mitophagy regulates energy balance and cellular survival, making it a critical process in healthy aging. Enhancing mitophagy is an emerging therapeutic strategy aimed at restoring mitochondrial function and slowing age-related cellular decline.
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