Microglial aging describes age-related functional changes in microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system. Aging microglia exhibit heightened inflammatory activation and reduced clearance of cellular debris. This altered state promotes neuroinflammation and contributes to cognitive decline. Microglial aging disrupts synaptic maintenance and neural plasticity. Chronic activation increases vulnerability to neurodegenerative processes. Understanding microglial aging provides insight into immune-brain interactions that influence cognitive aging and neurological resilience.
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