Gut brain axis aging refers to age-related disruption in bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal system and the central nervous system. This axis involves neural signaling, immune mediators, microbial metabolites, and hormonal pathways. Aging alters gut microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and neural signaling, affecting brain function and behavior. Gut brain axis aging contributes to cognitive decline, mood disturbances, and neuroinflammation. Reduced microbial production of neuroactive compounds further impairs communication. This axis plays a critical role in stress response, cognition, and emotional regulation. Understanding gut brain axis aging highlights the importance of gut health in maintaining brain resilience and cognitive health throughout aging.
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