DNA damage response aging describes age-related changes in cellular systems that detect and repair DNA damage. The DNA damage response coordinates repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis to maintain genomic stability. With aging, increased DNA damage burden overwhelms repair capacity, leading to persistent activation of damage signaling. DNA damage response aging contributes to cellular senescence, stem cell dysfunction, and tissue degeneration. Reduced efficiency and coordination of repair pathways allow mutations to accumulate, increasing disease risk. Chronic DNA damage signaling also promotes inflammation and metabolic stress. Understanding DNA damage response aging provides insight into how declining genome maintenance drives biological aging and age-related disease susceptibility.
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