Aging Pathways

Aging pathways are conserved molecular and cellular signaling networks that regulate the rate and progression of biological aging. These pathways coordinate metabolism, stress resistance, DNA repair, inflammation, and cellular maintenance. Dysregulation of aging pathways leads to accumulation of molecular damage, loss of homeostasis, and functional decline. Key pathways integrate nutrient sensing, energy balance, immune signaling, and proteostasis. Aging pathways do not operate in isolation but interact dynamically across tissues and organ systems. Environmental factors and lifestyle behaviors modulate pathway activity throughout life. Understanding aging pathways provides a mechanistic framework for identifying intervention targets that influence multiple age-related conditions simultaneously. This systems perspective underpins modern geroscience approaches focused on delaying biological aging rather than treating individual diseases.