Title : The latest advances on biological rejuvenation
Abstract:
For most of human history, aging has been viewed as an inevitable and irreversible process. However, remarkable scientific advances over the last two decades have transformed aging from an unavoidable fate into a potentially modifiable biological condition. The emerging field of biological rejuvenation seeks not merely to extend lifespan but to restore youthful function, improve healthspan, and reverse the molecular and cellular damage associated with aging. Recent breakthroughs have demonstrated that aging is driven by identifiable biological mechanisms, often referred to as the hallmarks of aging, including genomic instability, epigenetic alterations, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chronic inflammation. Advances in biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and systems biology are accelerating the development of interventions that target these fundamental drivers. Among the most promising approaches are partial cellular reprogramming techniques based on the pioneering work of Nobel laureate Shinya Yamanaka. Experimental studies in animal models have shown that transient expression of reprogramming factors can reverse epigenetic aging markers, improve tissue regeneration, and restore physiological function without loss of cellular identity. Concurrently, senolytic therapies designed to selectively eliminate senescent cells have demonstrated encouraging results in preclinical studies and early human trials, reducing inflammation and improving tissue health. Additional advances include the development of next-generation gene therapies, stem-cell-based regenerative medicine, plasma and extracellular vesicle interventions, and novel pharmacological compounds targeting nutrient-sensing pathways such as mTOR, AMPK, and sirtuins. Artificial intelligence is playing an increasingly important role in identifying new therapeutic targets, accelerating drug discovery, and optimizing personalized rejuvenation strategies. Equally transformative are advances in biological age measurement. Epigenetic clocks, glycan biomarkers, proteomic signatures, and multi-omics platforms now enable researchers to quantify biological aging with unprecedented precision, providing objective tools for evaluating rejuvenation interventions and tracking individual responses. While significant scientific, regulatory, and ethical challenges remain, the pace of progress suggests that biological rejuvenation may become one of the defining medical revolutions of the twenty-first century. The transition from treating individual age-related diseases to addressing aging itself as the primary risk factor offers the possibility of simultaneously preventing cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and numerous other chronic conditions. This presentation will review the latest scientific advances in biological rejuvenation, highlight key experimental and clinical developments, and explore future pathways toward extending healthy human life. As longevity science moves from the laboratory to the clinic, biological rejuvenation is emerging as a realistic and transformative goal for modern medicine.
